What is PostgreSQL? A Brief History of PostgreSQL 3. Further Information 5. Bug Reporting Guidelines I. Getting Started 2. The SQL Language 3. Advanced Features II. The SQL Language 4. Data Definition 6. Data Manipulation 7. Functions and Operators 10. Type Conversion 11. Sep 08, 2020 dotConnect for PostgreSQL, formerly known as PostgreSQLDirect.NET, is an enhanced ORM enabled data provider for PostgreSQL that builds on ADO.NET technology to present a complete solution for developing PostgreSQL-based database applications. It introduces new approaches for designing application architecture, boosts productivity,. PostgreSQL 7.3.2 Tutorial by The PostgreSQL Global Development Group. Guage support and other modern features. Reference pages for SQL command syntax, and client and server programs. This book is auxiliary to the User’s, Administrator’s, and Programmer’s Guides. Windows installers Interactive installer by EDB. Download the installer certified by EDB for all supported PostgreSQL versions. This installer includes the PostgreSQL server, pgAdmin; a graphical tool for managing and developing your databases, and StackBuilder; a package manager that can be used to download and install additional PostgreSQL tools and drivers.
This page is a partial list of interactive SQL clients (GUI or otherwise) - that doesn't include reporting engines, ETL data loaders, or visual design tools, just interactive clients that you can type SQL in to and get results from them. This includes web based or desktop apps.
1macOS GUI Clients
1.2Proprietary
2Windows GUI Clients
2.1Open Source / Free Software
2.2Proprietary
3Cross-platform GUI Clients
3.1Open Source
3.2Proprietary
4Web Clients
4.1Open Source
4.2Proprietary
5CLI Clients
5.1Open Source / Free Software
macOS GUI Clients
Clients compatible with only OS X.
Open Source or Completely Free Software
(empty list)
Proprietary
Some of these have a 'free' tier (typically somewhat crippled).
QueryPie (Free)
The Complete Cross-Platform Database IDE for ALL(Mac, Windows, Linux)
Features:
Auto-Complete : Instant auto completion to help you write your query faster
Muti-query, Multi-results : Intuitive UI speeds up query search and execution, and allows simultaneous views of multiple query results
In-line Data Edit : With just a few simple clicks, edit query results, the data browser and table structure directly
SQLPro for Postgres
macOS 10.8 and above
Features:
100% native OS X app with a clean and simple to use interface.
Query editor with syntax highlighting and autocomplete.
Support for multiple result set execution.
History feature, displaying your last ten executed queries.
Primary key detection for inline result set modifications.
Custom theme support allowing developers to work with style.
TablePlus
A modern, native tool with an elegant UI that allows you to simultaneously manage multiple databases, including PostgreSQL. Available on macOS, Windows, and iOS.
True native built.
Workspace supports multiple tabs, multiple windows
Powerful SQL editor with full features: auto syntax highlight, auto-suggestion, split pane, favorite and history.
Data Filter & Sorting, import & export
Full-dark theme & modern shortcut
With plugin system, you can be able to write your own new features to work with database per your needs (export charts, pretty json…).
Postico
A nice native client by the developers of Postgres.app. A free 'demo' version of an inexpensive proprietary app, but it has very reasonable limits ('only one tab') and no time limit.
Postico is a fully native Mac app for connecting to your PostgreSQL server. It supports encrypted connections via SSL and SSH to PostgreSQL 8.0 and later, including Amazon Redshift.
Postico has a powerful table content editor with in-cell editing and form-based row editing in a sidebar. You can quickly filter tables by keywords or even complex SQL expressions.
There's also a table structure editor for editing columns, types, default values, foreign keys, check constraints etc.
Finally, there's a convenient SQL Query Editor with support for query history and syntax highlighting. It also has convenience features like auto-indent and shortcuts for comment line etc.
PSequel (free)
OS X Yosemite+, free not crippled. Last update: 2018. Native OS X
SEQUEL for PostgreSQL
SEQUEL for PostgreSQL is a professional DB administration and management tool, with extremely intuitive and feature-rich GUI that makes it the best assistant tool for developers and admins. SEQUEL is lightweight, fast and powerful that it can significantly simplify the DB management process. For those who cannot live without a CLI, SEQUEL offers a powerful Query Editor with syntax highlight, autocomplete and a Console log view that is always visible, so you can monitor the communication with your databases. It includes:
Database management forms for Schema, Table, Index, Foreign key, Trigger, Rule, Sequence, Collation, Domain, Enum type, Tablespace and Language objects with full parameters support
Assistant info views for Object information, Actions, Help, and Documentation
Jump bar for quick objects selection and navigation
Taskbar with multi-task monitoring support
Console log view
Syntax highlight, autocomplete, current and selection query execution and explain, line numbering and working statement detection
Direct editing in the results view, query results explanation
Powerful Field editor
Transaction based database updates
Code preview and Content editing
Windows GUI Clients
Clients compatible with only windows.
Open Source / Free Software
HeidiSQL
HeidiSQL is a lightweight Windows desktop application with support for PostgreSQL since 2015. Also supports MySQL, MariaDB, MS SQL Server and SQLite. HeidiSQL focuses on simple structure editing and grid based data editing, but also has some advanced features:
Session management with folder support
Multiple connections per window
Browse through databases and tables, views, procedures and triggers
Edit columns, indexes and foreign keys of tables
Provides special editors for fields with various data types: text, date/time, enum, set, binary.
Query tabs for running custom queries
Completion proposal
Displays multiple results per tab
Keeps a history of executed queries
SQL export directly to .sql file, another database, or to a different server
Quick grid export for Excel, CSV, HTML, XML, LaTeX, Wiki markup, PHP, Markdown, JSON
Search for text in a database, or on a whole server
Import textfiles
Reformat custom SQL queries
Proprietary
dbForge Studio for PostgreSQL
dbForge Studio for PostgreSQL is a brand new tool for PostgreSQL database development, management, and editing process enjoyable and easy by Devart. The PostgreSQL IDE allows users to create, develop, and execute queries, edit and adjust the code to the requirements in a convenient and UI. The tool provides the PostgreSQL data editor functionality for queries customization and property window for viewing all the required information of PostgreSQL database objects.
Key features:
1) Query Profiler
Plan Tree of query execution
Diagram of query execution with the cost of all operations as a percentage of the total batch cost
List of top operations taking place on the server
Execution plan in the XML format
2) SQL Development
PostgreSQL code completion
SQL code formatting
SQL syntax check
PostgreSQL query validator
3) Data Export and Data Import
10+ file format support, including Google Sheets
Flexible data import and export customization
Handy wizards for data export and import
PostgreSQL data migration
4) Data Reports and Analysis
Data Report Wizard
Report Designer
Pivot Tables
Chart Designer
5) Object Explorer
Retrieve data from the database on a single SQL document
Truncate a table
Select Properties to view information on the object
Generate Script AS
6) Data Editor
In-place data editing
Look-up data editing
Cached Updates Mode data editing
Table, Text, Card Views
7) Master-Detail Browser
Design View for setting up relations between tables
Data View for handy display of results
Smart sorting and filtering
Database Tour Pro
Database Tour Pro is a database tool with built-in report builder for Windows. Word counter pro 1 7 2 – view writing statistics. It works with different types of relational databases including PostgreSQL.
Key features:
Creating tables.
Viewing and editing data.
Several ways to print data.
Built-in report engine and visual report designer with templates, expressions, preview etc.
Expression builder for report and export expressions.
Building and executing SQL queries. Support for execution of multi statement SQL scripts. Syntax highlighting in SQL editor. Support for parameterized SQL queries.
Enhanced database grids, which allow to view and manipulate the data in the most convenient way, including sorting by clicking column header, changing row heights, resizing columns etc.
Command line support for executing queries, opening tables, export-import operations, loading reports etc. with logging the performed operations.
Searching and replacing text in database with ability to choose fields, record range etc.
Importing data to table from another table or a query.
Exporting data from open table or query to file(s) like text, CSV, HTML, XLSX, XML, RTF, DBF or to another relational database of any supported type (i.e. ODBC, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, dBase, Interbase, SQLite, MS Access, Firebird etc).
Copying data to clipboard.
Viewing and editing Blob data, such as large text and graphics.
Tools for editing text fields (trimming, changing case of symbols, replacing text).
Customized data view (font, background).
Conditional formatting data in database grids and reports.
Ability to control transactions.
SQLGate
Windows
SQLGate is a simple but powerful IDE for multiple Database including PostgreSQL.
Powerful Data Grid and ERD
Multiple SQL Execution
Auto-Complete
Intuitive UI/UX
Multiple Themes
Fast processing speed
Use SQLGate to maximize your productivity!
Datazenit
Java
Datazenit is a cross-platform PostgreSQL and MySQL GUI with data grid, schema builder and interactive charts.It also has query builder, raw query editor with auto-complete, team collaboration features like connection, query and chart sharing among team members.
Web-based, but available packaged as a desktop app (linux, Mac, windows)
EMS SQL Manager for PostgreSQL Freeware
EMS SQL Manager for PostgreSQL Freeware (EMS SQL Manager Lite for PostgreSQL) is an excellent and easy-to-use freeware graphical tool for PostgreSQL database administration. It has the minimal required set of tools for those users who are new to PostgreSQL server and need only its basic functionality.EMS SQL Manager for PostgreSQL Freeware allows you to work with servers, databases and schemas, view, edit, search, group, sort and filter any data stored in a database, create and execute SQL queries with powerful SQL editor, handle multiple selected objects at a time and much more.
There is a proprietary version available with significantly more functionality.
PostgreSQL Maestro
Allows you to create, edit, copy, drop and dump database objects easy and fast. You can also design your database as ER diagram, build queries visually, execute SQL queries and scripts, debug PL/pgSQL functions, view and edit data including BLOBs, represent data as diagrams, export and import data to/from most popular file formats, analyze your data summarized into multidimensional views and hierarchies (OLAP cubes), manage PostgreSQL roles, users, groups and privileges, and use a lot of other admin tools designed for making your work with PostgreSQL database server comfortable and efficient.
Nucleon Database Master
Nucleon Database Master is a modern, powerful, intuitive, easy to use and all in one PostgreSQL MongoDB, Oracle, DB2, Informix, Ingres, SQL Server, SQL Azure, MySQL, FireBird, SQLite client application with a consistent interface that simplifies managing, querying, editing, visualizing, designing and reporting relational and schema-free (NoSQL) database systems. You can connect any database system via ODBC and OleDB connections.Using Database Master, you can execute SQL, LINQ, JSON queries or you can create, edit and delete all database objects such as tables, views, procedures, columns, indexes, collections, and triggers. You can execute SQL queries and scripts, view and edit table data including BLOBs (Image, Text or any file), represent tables and its relations as an ER(Entity Relationship) diagram.
SQLPro
SqlPro is an easy to use database GUI tool for six popular databases (Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, SQLite, and Access). One IDE makes database administration and development faster and error free.SQLPro Key Features: color-coding of the SQL, drag-and-drop of objects into the editor pane to save you from typing their names, retrieval of SQL code for things like stored procedures and triggers from the underlying database, and one-click creation of SELECT and INSERT statements. You can open, save and print SQL scripts.SQLPro uses native drivers to connect to the databases (no ODBC or third party engines to install).
SQL Data Analysis
Windows
SQL Data Analysis is a business intelligence tool that helps you see and understand your PostgreSQL data.
Connect to your PostgreSQL database, run your query, and visualize your data in seconds.
Analyze your data with intuitive drag & drop interface. No programming, just insights.
Cross database queries allow you to join a PostgreSQL data set with another database's data set (SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, etc).
Flexible layouts allow you to combine multiple data views to best visualize your data.
Share and export your discoveries and insights to PDF, Excel, and HTML files.
Multi database engine support - connect to SQL Server, Oracle, MySQL, MariaDB, SQLite, Access, and any ODBC-supported database
SQL Data Analysis helps you transform data into actionable insights. Free trial available at https://www.yohz.com/sda_details.htm
Cross-platform GUI Clients
Open Source
These clients are both 'free' and 'open source'
Beekeeper Studio
Beekeeper Studio is a modern cross-platform SQL editor and database manager available for Linux, Mac, and Windows. Some of its features include:
Clean, smooth, usable UI with dark and light themes
Tabbed Interface
Multiple connections at the same time
Saved queries and run history
Auto-complete
pgAdmin 4
pgAdmin 4 is a ground-up rewrite of pgAdmin 3. Rather than being a native application it's primarily a web application that's also packaged as desktop web shell. But runs locally.
Postbird
Open source, desktop application to manage your local or remote PostgreSQL databases.
Sqlectron
windows/linux/OS X
A simple and lightweight SQL client desktop/terminalwith cross database and platform support. GUI or term.
Seen as a nice program, though possibly unmaintained now: https://github.com/sqlectron/sqlectron-gui/issues/433
SQuirrel
Platforms that support Java
SQuirreL SQL Client is a graphical Java program that will allow you to view the structure of a JDBC compliant database, browse the data in tables, issue SQL commands etc. The minimum version of Java supported is 1.8.x as of SQuirreL version 3.8.1.
Commentor 1: If it doesn't start in OS X (like nothing appears) see https://sourceforge.net/p/squirrel-sql/bugs/1398/
pgAdmin 3
Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, macOS, OpenBSD, Solaris
For many years the 'standard' freely available GUI client for Postgresql, and so is bundled in many packaged installers. It provides a SQL query tool, an editor for procedural languages and a CRUD interface. It's also one of the few clients to provide a GUI front end to the plpgsql debugger.
Free Administration Centre for the PostgreSQL database. Includes a graphical administration interface, an SQL query tool, a procedural code editor and much more. pgAdmin III is designed to answer the needs of most users, from writing simple SQL queries to developing complex databases. The graphical interface supports all PostgreSQL features and makes administration easy. Available in more than 30 languages and for several operating systems.
pgAdmin III is an Open Source management tool for PostgreSQL databases. Features full Unicode support, fast, multithreaded query and data editing tools and support for all PostgreSQL object types.
pgAdmin III is bundled with the Windows installer on older versions of Postgres, and you can use that as a client to administer a remote server on another OS. Note that binary packages for platforms like RPM don't show up in every point release, you currently have to go back to v1.8.0 to get the last full set of packages.
Development has been discontinued by pgadmin.org, but is still being maintained by BigSQL who are doing basic maintenance to support newer versions of PostgreSQL and packaging it for current OS releases [here].
Tora
Linux, Windows, macOS
Oracle, MySQL, and PostgreSQL, as well as limited support for ODBC targets. Inspired by the proprietary Toad client.
SQL Workbench/J
Java
An OpenSource (though it prohibits usage by government agencies from USA, UK, Canada, China, Russia, North Korea, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the Chechen Republic) SQL GUI tool similar to Squirrel. Data can be edited directly in the result set. It has strong support for exporting and importing data between databases using its own SQL command extension. It can be used in GUI mode or as a console application. All SQL Workbench specific commands can also be run in batch mode to automate export and import task. It supports schema comparison ('diff') and copying data between databases.
It has some restrictions on use by government employees.
DBeaver
Java
Supports many SQL databases from different vendors, as well as few NoSQL ones (Cassandra, etc).Good query editor with syntax highlighting, completion and autosave.Editing of query results. SSH tunneling support. Tons of other cool features.Quite good, but not 100% perfect PostgreSQL support (yet?).
Has a free community and also 'pro' version available.
pgManage
An alternative to pgAdmin, which runs in both application and server modes.
Proprietary
These are 'closed source' apps, some offer free demo's.
PgManager
Windows, Linux
Basically a proprietary, more powerful version of PGAdmin II or PGAccess. Adds support for trigger and constraint editing, metadata logging, and query monitoring. Also includes multiple-format data import/export tools, which are also available on their own for Linux. Developed by EMS Hitech. (JMB 4.2003).
Valentina Studio (Free)
Windows/OS X/Linux/
Valentina Studio is a powerful PostgreSQL Database Server administration and development tool. It offers for free many advanced editors:
Schema Editor with Tree and Column views
Diagram Editor with reverse engineering
SQL Editor with auto-completion, syntax-highlighting, recent and favorite queries, templates of commands, many result tab-panels, ..
Data Editor with easy sorting and filtering of records without SQL, in-cell editing.
Related Data Editor that allow s you to learn related records in different modes.
Import/Export
SQL dumps
and so on ..
Valentina Studio PRO - adds additional advanced features as:
Report Editor to developer reports based on Valentina Report Engine with datasources from PostgreSQL and other databases.
Diagrams forward engineering
SQL DIFF
Data Transfer
RazorSQL
Macintosh/Windows/Linux/Solaris
RazorSQL is an SQL query tool, database browser, SQL editor, and database administration tool that supports PostgreSQL and any other JDBC or ODBC compliant database. Some of the major features are tools for creating, dropping, and altering objects such as tables, views, indexes, triggers, functions, users, and databases; a programming editor that supports 20 different programming languages; import and export tools; auto column and table lookup; and a query builder, query scheduler, and SQL formatter.
JetBrains has a dedicated SQL IDE — DataGrip which can connect to PostgreSQL as well. It provides code completion, multi cursors, local query history, navigation, refactorings and language injection support.https://www.jetbrains.com/datagrip/
Other JetBrains Products, for example, PHPStorm, IDEA, have built-in database plugin, and it has the same functionality as DataGrip.
After you configured the data sources of your project, you can easily create tables, foreign keys, indexes much easier than usual, because the IDE is very smart; for example by foreign keys it automatically sets the name of the key and the related columns. For me, it is so far the best experience by creating a basic database schema. Even with editable EER models was it slower..By the settings of your data source you can configure the SQL dialect of your database. After that, if you want to add stored procedures or triggers, you will have code completion which is favorable too. So I think JetBrains products speed up your work if you exactly know what you want, and how can you make it.
For any JetBrains IDE, there is a free license for open source projects. For enterprise usage there is a 30 days trial, after that, you can buy a personal or proprietary license which is very cheap compared to other products.
Aqua Data Studio
Java: Windows/Linux/macOS/Solaris
Aqua Data Studio is a management tool for the PostgreSQL relational database w/ administration capabilities and a database query tool. The visual administration features provide users the ability to browse and modify database structures, including schema objects, database storage and maintain database security. An integrated query tool allows users to quickly create, edit and execute SQL queries and scripts. Aqua Data Studio also provides an import and export tool to allow users to easily move data in and out of the PostgreSQL database in and from different data formats.
Navicat
Windows, macOS, iOS, Linux
Navicat is a powerful PostgreSQL Database Server administration and development tool. It works with PostgreSQL 8.0 version or above and supports most of the PostgreSQL features including Trigger, Function, View, Manage User, and so on. It is also not only sophisticated enough for professional developers, but also easy to learn for new users. With its well-designed GUI, Navicat lets you quickly and easily create, organize, access and share information in a secure and easy way.
Version 15 introduces Smart Charts, a more powerful Data Transfer, Query Builder, New Data Modeling Tool, Dark Mode, and Native Linux support.
Datazenit
Windows, Mac OS X, Linux
Datazenit is a cross-platform PostgreSQL and MySQL GUI with data grid, schema builder and interactive charts.It also has query builder, raw query editor with auto-complete, team collaboration features like connection, query and chart sharing among team members.
Available packaged as a desktop app.
Quest Toad Edge
Windows & Mac OS X
PostgreSQL, MySQL and MariaDB support.
Object and user management
Code quality checks
Database devops: Jenkins plug-in
SQL query monitor
Shema compare and sync
Advanced JSON editor
SQL worksheet
Import/Export
Database snapshot
24/7 support
Kangaroo
Supports SQLite 3.x, MySQL 8.0, MariaDB 10, PostgreSQL 11.Query, Editing, Designer, Export+Import = Full support. Hint, modeling and DB sync are on the roadmap.Windows, Linux, MacOS X
Web Clients
Web clients run as a server on your desktop and you connect to them via a web browser. This also allows things like coworkers to connect as well. You can run SQL against servers and back the results (in your browser).
Open Source
These are open source and free:
phpPgAdmin
phpPgAdmin is a web-based administration tool for PostgreSQL. It is perfect for PostgreSQL DBAs, newbies, and hosting services.
franchise
Web client, either hosted (free) or running locally, connects to a local postgresql instance via a small bridge application.
Can share the interface with others, rather like sqlfiddle.com, but accessing your database.
pgAdmin 4
pgAdmin 4 is a ground-up rewrite of pgAdmin 3. Rather than being a native application it's primarily a web application that's also packaged as desktop web shell.
Adminer
PHP
Adminer (formerly phpMinAdmin) is a full-featured database management tool written in PHP. A single PHP file ready to deploy to the target server. Adminer is available for MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, MS SQL and Oracle.
OmniDB
Postico 1 5 2 – A Modern Postgresql Client Tutorial Download
Django/Python on Linux, Windows and macOS.
Open source full-featured tool for database management. Currently supports PostgreSQL (9.3 - 11), Oracle (11g - 18c), MySQL (5.6 - 8.0) and MariaDB (10.1 - 10.3). More RDBMS support coming soon, including the ability of converting databases from any supported RDBMS to PostgreSQL and back.
SIDU
PHP
Schema and data browser and editor.
Hisha
Node.js
Hisha is cross-platform and web-based Postgre SQL Database client inspired by Adminium. You can edit and save result by clicking the cell you want and press enter when you finish.
Tadpole DB Hub
Tadpole DB Hub is Unified infrastructure tool, a various environment based interface for managing Apache Hive, Amazon RDS, CUBRID, MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, SQLite, MSSQL, PostgreSQL and MongoDB databases. It enables you to handle typical DB over the World Wide Web.
Features:
Intuitive web interface (Safari, Chrome, IE 10, Firefox)
User Management (Admin, Manager, User)
Select, Insert, Update, Delete
Download query result
SQL Syntax Highlighting
SQL Formatting
SQL Statement <-> Java, PHP String Literal Each Convert
AJAX/JavaScript-powered web interface for PostgreSQL administration. Browse, maintain and create data and database objects from anywhere, in the web browser. Supports SSH for both the web interface and the database connections. Rich interface with tabbed SQL editor with auto-completion, inline row-editing widgets, click-through foreign key navigation between rows and tables, 'favorites' management for commonly used scripts, and more.
Installers available for Windows, Mac and Linux, alternatively download a simple cross-platform archive that runs anywhere with simple script.Wasn't clear where source code is.
JackDB
Html5 Web Browser (Linux/Mac OS X/Windows)
JackDB is a database client that runs entirely in your web browser. There's no software to install locally so you can use it on Mac OS X, Linux, and Windows and it works on all major modern browsers (eg. Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari, and Opera). It supports connecting to PostgreSQL, as well as MySQL, Oracle, and SQL Server databases.
Features:
Html5 interface with no client installation
Query editor with syntax highlighting
Scrolling result sets
Schema/Object browser
SSL connections with certificate pinning
Eliminates password sharing
Two-factor authentication
BLOB display (images and Html5 audio/video)
DBHawk
Web Browser (Linux/Mac OS X/Windows)
DBHawk is a web based SQL tool and reporting software designed for PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server and other databases. Its easy to deploy and use.
Features:
Web based interface with no client installation
Advanced Query editor with syntax highlighting and multi tabs results
Online visual query builder
Online SQL Report Builder
Online SQL Job Scheduler
Export results to html, csv, pdf, google docs, amazon s3
SQL Auditing and Security
Schema/Object browser
SQL and data snippet sharing
Blob data viewer and editor
Datazenit
Datazenit is a cross-platform PostgreSQL and MySQL GUI with data grid, schema builder and interactive charts.It also has query builder, raw query editor with auto-complete, team collaboration features like connection, query and chart sharing among team members.
Postico 1 5 2 – A Modern Postgresql Client Tutorial Download
Web-based, but available packaged as a desktop app (linux, Mac, windows)
CLI Clients
Open Source / Free Software
psql
Postico 1 5 2 – A Modern Postgresql Client Tutorial Android Studio
The standard command line client, maintained by the postgresql development group and typically distributed as part of the server installation.
pgcli
A command line client with syntax highlighting and pop-up command completion.
jaqy
A universal JDBC command line client with lots of features. It is not specific to PostgreSQL, but it is pre-configured to handle PostgreSQL servers. Requires PostgreSQL JDBC driver.
Other Resources
Community Guide to PostgreSQL GUI Tools - Includes many miscellaneous non-client tools, such as bulk loaders, schema diff, schema design, etc.
Design Tools - tools for designing database schemas
Old possibly abandoned projects, see Community_Guide_to_PostgreSQL_Tools_Abandoned
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